|
|
Effect of anthelmintic baits on prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis at red fox in CR
Brožová, Adéla ; Jankovská, Ivana (advisor) ; Bejček, Vladimír (referee)
In 2012 the tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis in naturally infected red fox were investigated in selected regions of Karlovy Vary. From January to December 2013, in areas with the highest prevalence, delivery baits containing the anthelmintic (80 g of fish flesh + 50 mg Praziquantel- Drontal plus flavour) in an amount of 50 baits per km2. In 2014 the inspection was carried out investigations and subsequent comparison prevalence of tapeworm in the monitored areas between 2012 and 2014, ie. before and after the delivery of anthelmintic baits. The observed prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in foxes before delivery baits was 80% (12/15), after delivery baits was 10.5% (2/19). Furthermore, an analysis of infected intestinal tissue foxes and foxes uninfected with Echinococcus multilocularis for determining the concentrations of selected elements (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn). Foxes with this tapeworm exhibited in the intestinal mucosa higher levels of the following elements: chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn). Conversely concentration primarily toxic elements (Cd and Pb) in the intestine infected foxes with Echinococcus multilocularis was lower than in the intestine foxes without this parasite.
|
|
|
The occurrence of gastrointestinal nematodes to anthelmintic drugs in goat herds
Císlerová, Markéta ; Vadlejch, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kyriánová, Iveta Angela (referee)
Parasitic nematodes are a cosmopolitan distribution group helminths causing the infections, which cause deterioration of health of infected animals. Frequent are indigestion e.g. diarrhea, dehydration, loss of appetite, but also to anemia. Gastrointestinal nematodes also have an impact on economic losses for farmers due to reduced production of milk and meat, the more difficult pregnancy rates, abortions, deaths during severe infections and high treatment costs. These consequences parasites worsen the overall welfare of animals, which should not be completely overlooked.
To eliminate gastrointestinal infections with broad use modern anthemintic of the following groups: benzimidazoles, imidazoles and macrocyclic lactones aminoacetonitrilové derivatives (AADs). AADs is a relatively new group of broad-spectrum anthlemintic. As an adjunct in the treatment available today increasingly researched, plants and their extracts anthelmintic effect.
After a few years since the introduction broad spectrum anthelmintic occurred first mention of resistance. Resistance is defined as the ability of the parasite to survive treatment with the recommended dose of anthelmintics that would normally be lethal to the parasite. Rapid development of resistance has caused particularly wrong drug administration procedures for the failure of the administration and also the fact that resistance is based genetic property. It is therefore very important along with the development of new effective drugs also strictly follow the prescribed procedures in the treatment.
Goats were previously treated with the same doses of anthelmintics like sheep and chronic administration of subtherapeutic doses of anthelmintic lead to faster development of resistance to anthelmintics. This was problematic, as it is known, goats have a faster metabolism and it contributed to the expansion resistance in goats.
The early detection resistance is needed to improve detection methods. Emphasis should be placed on simplicity, availability and cost efficiency that could be used directly to the farmer.
|
guest ::
